Promoting access to nature for underserved communities can improve quality of life while bolstering biodiversity and fighting climate change, according to a new report from the Hispanic Access Foundation.

The study was released at the recent United Nations Conference on Climate Change and suggests 10 policy areas which could make a big difference.

Shanna Edberg, director of conservation programs for the Hispanic Access Foundation and co-author of the report, said it is not enough to simply protect nature. People's access to nature must be protected, especially for disinvested communities.

"When you look at it through the lens of access, you end up leveraging people's health and jobs and racial equity and mental and physical well-being," Edberg explained.

The report praised Indigenous stewardship and calls for more lands and waters to be returned to tribes or comanaged with local authorities. The authors want people to use more native plants in landscaping, and "green" the water infrastructure so more is absorbed into the aquifer through the soil rather than flowing into the sea.

The study also suggested planting more trees and improving parks in urban neighborhoods.

Pedro Hernandez, public lands advocate for the organization Green Latinos and another co-author of the report, said low-income communities of color are part of the ecosystem, and they deserve protection and public investment.

"Conservation projects would include more access to healthy green areas, or retrofit existing green areas to better suit the needs of the ecosystem," Hernandez pointed out. "For example, with more native plants or more urban canopies to address climate issues."

The report also looked at the benefits of improving public access to the coast, restoring wetlands, and cleaning up old oil and gas extraction sites.

Racial disparities are apparent when it comes to rooftop solar installation, researchers have reported. In Minnesota, there are efforts to close these gaps, and those involved point to the selection of three Twin Cities areas for a key project. The Lake Street Council in Minneapolis and two other groups have been offered to join the Solar Energy Innovation Network, which is under the umbrella of the U-S Energy Department. The network is designed to reduce barriers for underserved communities to adopt the technology.

Matt Kazinka, senior strategic initiatives manager for Lake Street Council, said its focus is on helping smaller BIPOC and immigrant-owned businesses in South Minneapolis.

"These businesses are the lifeblood of our community, but it is a struggle," Kazinka said. "They put a lot on the line to just operate their business, and that means a lot of the time they don't have the bandwidth and the resources to explore new ways of doing business or new opportunities."

For solar access, a 2019 study that relied on census tracts found that Black residents have 69% fewer solar installations compared with non-racially diverse areas. The nonprofits will help owners navigate the process, including financing and working with companies that can establish trust in these communities. The other targeted corridors in the Twin Cities include West Broadway and University Avenue.

Terry Austin, community engagement manager of the Northside Economic Opportunities Network, will help to spur solar adoption along the West Broadway corridor. He said business owners and residents in disadvantaged neighborhoods are overlooked when it comes to renewable-energy education, and added that paves the way for bad actors to prey on these areas, creating more long-term harm.

"And when they're taken advantage of on the technology, that can affect their business and their home. These things have more of a generational effect," Austin said.

Meanwhile, Kazinka added many of these businesses are in older buildings in need of upgrades, and said the project could help them pursue energy efficiency at a time when solar costs are coming down, and government incentives are more readily available.

"We're in a time right now where solar is becoming a better deal than it's been in a long time because new federal legislation is making the tax credits more generous, we have more long-term certainty and [it'll] be easier to access in a few different ways," he said.

The local project is one of just eight nationwide recently selected to join the network.

Pennsylvania is one of the largest contributors to greenhouse-gas pollution in the U-S, and the Environmental Protection Agency wants input on a plan to do more to reduce methane emissions in oil and gas development.

The EPA proposal would require curbing methane emissions at existing oil and gas wells in addition to new sites.

Barbara Jarmoska, a board member for the Responsible Decarbonization Alliance, said methane is a more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide, and regulating it can be one of the primary ways to slow global warming.

"When you look at what is Pennsylvania's greatest insult, what activities in Pennsylvania produce the greatest concern, it is certainly methane release," she said, "and one of the primary factors in that is these hundreds and hundreds of unplugged, methane-leaking wells."

In her own neighborhood, Jarmoska said there's a massive project involving 80 new wells and a high-pressure gas line under construction.

The public can weigh in on the EPA's proposal in writing through Feb. 13.

Jarmoska and other Pennsylvanians voiced their concerns in a three-day virtual public hearing this month. Some groups have stressed that the new rules should ban "flaring," the process of burning off gas at well sites. Jarmoska said another concern is the prospect of future methane use, since Pennsylvania looks to build out what's being called the hydrogen hub. It's gotten bipartisan support, but she said it's a controversial process.

"Blue hydrogen is just another way to create demand for methane, fossil methane gas, and so we cannot allow this transition to happen," she said. "But it is being driven by the gas industry, acceptance of blue hydrogen as this new and wonderful solution to climate change."

She explained that "blue hydrogen" involves creating energy with the natural gas from fracking and steam, and then capturing the carbon dioxide that is also produced and storing it underground. Some business groups are hoping to win a bid to build a hydrogen hub in Philadelphia.

Retired U.S. Army Brig. Gen. Steve Anderson said he thinks it's important for the EPA to do more to fight climate change as a national security issue. He said he sees it as a threat not only to the United States but as a source of instability abroad as well. Anderson said he believes a transition to renewable energy will boost employment in this fast-growing field.

"There's all kinds of renewable energies that I believe will not only reduce our reliance on oil and on the carbon-based fuels," he said, "but provide opportunities to develop a truly green economy that'll put a lot of the people that are presently working in coal mines and in the oil industry, put them to work installing solar panels and wind turbines."/pages/Article.aspx?post=91.

The new year brings a new legal challenge to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, asking it to reconsider its decision to dredge year-round on the Georgia coast.

The group One Hundred Miles said year-round hopper dredging impedes the recovery of loggerhead sea turtles as well as other species. The group's vice president for education and communications, Catherine Ridley, said her organization, which is represented by the Southern Environmental Law Center, opposes the Corps' decision to eliminate seasonal limitations on dredging projects that have protected sea turtles and other marine life for decades.

"We have invested 30 years of work into getting these turtles back to our coasts to continue nesting and help that species recover," said Ridley, who also is coordinator for the St. Simons Island Sea Turtle Project, "and to have dredges that would be in those very same waters, really injuring and killing those turtles, would set those recovery efforts back decades."

Dredging is done to clear sediment from waterways to keep them safe and navigable. Ridley added that, historically, this has been done in Georgia from mid-December through the end of March, when adult loggerheads and other vulnerable species are not as abundant and less likely to be harmed.

In the warmer seasons, Ridley said, the sea turtles face a higher risk of contact with dredging. She said a robust network of volunteers and researchers goes out every day during nesting season - from late April to early October - to monitor and protect the nests, where the adult sea turtles lay their eggs in the sand.

"And so, when they come and they dredge in the wintertime, there's very few turtles. Impact to the species recovery is very low," she said. "And that's why it's worked so well -- while also again, keeping our harbor safe, but also managing protections for other species. Winter dredging windows have been a really effective tool for pretty much everyone. It's just been a win-win."

She said they recognize the need for proper dredging to keep the harbor safe, but seasonal restrictions have allowed the Georgia Brunswick and Savannah Ports to grow and thrive, while also serving as an effective tool for protecting the loggerhead sea turtles.