A study by New Mexico State University shows the number of suicides among U.S. Hispanics is on the rise, in part because they are buying more guns.

Jagdish Khubchandani, public health sciences professor at New Mexico State and the study's co-author, said suicides by Hispanic adults in the group increased by more than 70% between 2010 and 2020, while their population grew only 25% over the same period.

"I wanted to see what's happening with Hispanic middle-age people 20 to 64 years," Khubchandani explained. "Because this is a unique population given their upbringing, their acculturation, experiences in the United States."

He pointed out Hispanics are using fewer passive, and instead more lethal suicide methods, noting during the study period, firearms were most commonly used among non-elderly Hispanic adults. Researchers analyzed a decade of mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. For those in crisis, the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline is now accessible at 988.

Khubchandani stressed among all the racial groups, Hispanics were the most likely to acquire multiple guns during the pandemic, citing a need to protect themselves or prevent themselves from being victimized.

"But as I wrote in the study, most of the time these guns will be used to kill household members and not be used for protection from bullies and racists," Khubchandani stated.

Khubhandani reported in the U.S., approximately 100 people die of suicide each day, or 45,000 per year. He added the mortality rate for HIV is 15,000 people per year, and he believes suicide needs the same research attention afforded the immune disorder.

"And all drug companies want to sponsor trials and studies and government wants to fund studies," Khubhandani observed. "I have not seen many studies funded by the government on suicide prevention for white, nonwhite, male, female; nothing."

The study also found southern and western regions of the U.S. had the highest suicide rates for non-elderly Hispanic adults in 2020. Colorado had the highest rate, with New Mexico second highest at a rate of about 24 per 100,000 people.

More than 3 million New Yorkers have a diagnosed mental illness but only around one in three can get the care they need to treat it.

The barriers stem from many factors, like so-called "fail first" policies, which require people to try an insurer-preferred medication first, before covering the original prescription.

Matthew Shapiro, senior director of government and cultural affairs for the New York State Chapter of the National Alliance on Mental Illness, said another issue is what are known as "ghost networks."

"In some cases, up to 75% of providers that the insurance company gives to their client don't actually exist," Shapiro pointed out. "They're no longer practicing in the area. We call that 'ghost coverage,' where they're telling you coverage is there and it's not."

A 2023 New York State Attorney General report found 86% of providers listed on health plan networks are not valid listings. The report recommended state regulators crack down on insurers to maintain consistent and accessible levels of care for all. Another barrier is low mental health care reimbursement rates for providers.

As mental health issues rise nationally, insurance coverage needs to meet the moment. Federal laws like the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act and the Affordable Care Act ensure behavioral health coverage is on par with other health care.

David Lloyd, chief policy officer for the mental health advocacy organization Inseparable, said loopholes in the laws still have to be closed.

"What mental health advocates across the country and in states are pushing for is to make sure when a doctor is recommending treatment, the health plan has to cover those services when they're consistent with what the standards of care are," Lloyd explained.

The biggest challenge to closing loopholes is lawmakers finding the political will to do so. Lloyd added the overall goal is to align providers' and insurers' standards of care, so patients get the treatment they need.

Advocates said the kids aren't all right and want to tackle the youth mental health crisis head on in schools.

A study of Maryland's youth mental health care found 67,000 children in the state suffered from major depression and nearly half did not receive treatment.

In Maryland schools, the ratio of psychologists to students is nearly five times the recommended ratio. Even worse, the ratio of social workers to students is nearly 10 times the recommended ratio.

Angela Kimball, chief advocacy officer for the mental health advocacy organization Inseparable, said increasing school-based mental health services would overcome barriers some students face when trying to access care.

"They're less stigmatizing," Kimball pointed out. "They normalize mental health care. They're available without cost. They don't require transportation or parents taking time off work. School mental-health services offer this opportunity to reduce barriers and get kids the support they need."

Youths who receive school-based mental-health services are six times more likely to complete a full round of treatment, according to a U.S. Department of Education report.

Other studies have shown teaching students mental health literacy and life skills decreases symptoms of depression and anxiety. Kimball emphasized other states are expanding the ranks of their mental health services and including other students to help their peers.

"That means not just school mental health professionals but also expanding that workforce to take advantage of other caring adults and youths and young adults, who can actually provide support to their peers," Kimball explained.

Kimball argued Maryland should expand its school Medicaid program, which allows more money to flow into schools to better fund mental health services.

While New Jersey has made gains in K-through-12 mental health support, advocates said the state needs to do more.

In recent years New Jersey has passed legislation and seen a mix of state and federal grants awarded to help expand access to school based mental health services. In December, Montclair State University was awarded a federal grant to recruit and train school psychologists. Last fall, Rutgers University announced a similar grant aimed at increasing the number of highly trained school counselors.

Angela Kimball, chief advocacy officer for the mental health advocacy organization Inseparable, said for many people accessing mental health services can seem intimidating.

"When we offer mental health services in schools, it serves to actually normalize the idea of getting support for your mental health," Kimball explained. "That really reduces stigma, and it reduces other barriers to people getting the kind of support they need to thrive. "

The American School Counselor Association recommends a ratio of 250 counselors per student. New Jersey has improved its ratio from 2019 when it was near 350 counselors per student. In 2024, the number was just under 300 to one.

The state is currently in the second year of the New Jersey Statewide Student Support Services network, which offers support to all students in the state through 15 regional hubs. The hubs are staffed by prevention specialists and licensed clinicians, and can deliver services in schools, other community settings and virtually.

The hubs offer three tiers of services ranging from workshops in tier one, to prevention services in tier two for groups of at-risk students and individualized intervention services in tier three. The program was intended to replace existing school-based services in place since the 1980s at 90 schools throughout the state. The school-based programs were preserved after some pushback and Kimball noted research points to benefits for keeping services in schools.

"Research is showing that youth who get school-based services are six times more likely to complete a full course of treatment than with community-based treatment," Kimball reported.

Last year, the New Jersey Department of Education found 13% of 12-17-year-olds in the state reported at least one major depressive episode in the past year, with 8% reporting a severe episode.